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                   DeepSpeech Scorer for Icelandic 22.06
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Authors               : Carlos Daniel Hernández Mena (carlosm@ru.is).

Language              : Icelandic.

Recommended use       : speech recognition.

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Description
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"DeepSpeech Scorer for Icelandic 22.06" is a scorer suitable for recognizers 
based on the Mozilla's DeepSpeech recognizer [1]. A "scorer" is a single file 
used to perform language modeling. It is composed of two sub-components, a 
KenLM language model and a trie data structure containing all words in the 
vocabulary [2].

This scorer was originally created to be used with the following DeepSpeech 
recipe, developed by the Language and Voice Lab (LVL) at Reykjavík University 
in 2022:

  https://github.com/cadia-lvl/samromur-asr/tree/d5_samromur/d5_samromur

Nevertheless, due to the flexibility of this kind of resources and their 
possible application in other tasks, systems or code recipes; it was 
decided to publish this resource as an independent item.

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The Language Model
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The language model was created using the Icelandic Gigaword Corpus [3]. The  
Gigaword corpus contains text from newspaper articles, parliamentary speeches, 
adjudications, books, transcribed radio/television news and more. The 
normalization process of the sentences utilized to generate the language 
model includes to allowing only characters belonging to the Icelandic alphabet, 
expanding numbers and abbreviations, and removing punctuation marks [4]. The 
resulting text has a length of more than 44 million lines of text (5.3GB 
approximately), and it was used to create the scorer.

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Citation
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When publishing results based on the models please refer to:

   Mena, Carlos; "DeepSpeech Scorer for Icelandic 22.06". Web Download. 
   Reykjavik University: Language and Voice Lab, 2022.

Contact: Carlos Mena (carlosm@ru.is)

License: CC BY 4.0

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Acknowledgements
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This initiative was funded by the Language Technology Programme for Icelandic 
2019-2023. The programme, which is managed and coordinated by Almannarómur, 
is funded by the Icelandic Ministry of Education, Science and Culture.

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References
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[1] Amodei, D., Ananthanarayanan, S., Anubhai, R., Bai, J., Battenberg, 
    E., Case, C., ... & Zhu, Z. (2016, June). Deep speech 2: End-to-end 
    speech recognition in english and mandarin. In International conference 
    on machine learning (pp. 173-182). PMLR.

[2] Mozilla's DeepSpeech online documentation: 
    https://deepspeech.readthedocs.io/en/r0.9/Scorer.html

[3] Steingrímsson, S., Helgadóttir, S., Rögnvaldsson, E., Barkarson, S., 
    & Guðnason, J. (2018, May). Risamálheild: A very large Icelandic text 
    corpus. In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on 
    Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018).
    
[4] Nikulásdóttir, A. B., Helgadóttir, I. R., Pétursson, M., & Guðnason, 
    J. (2018, May). Open ASR for Icelandic: Resources and a baseline system. 
    In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language 
    Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018).

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